& Fritzler, M
In United States hospitals, injections occur every day for diverse treatments
Graphical Abstract 1 Introduction Migraine is a chronic neurovascular disorder, characterized primarily by moderate to severe pulsating headaches accompanied by primary vascular and neurological dysfunction ( Senkyunolides, a class of phthalide-type compounds, are naturally derived from Apiaceae plants such as Ligusticum chuanxiong (Chuanxiong), Angelica sinensis (Danggui), Ligusticum sinense (Gaoben), Apium graveolens (Celery), Opopanax chironium, Lomatium californicum, Cnidium officinale, Cnidii Rhizoma, Levisticum officinale, Angelica acutiloba , and Peucedanum ostruthium ( This review focuses on the anti-migraine pharmacological mechanisms, pharmacokinetic characteristics, and formulation stability optimization strategies of senkyunolides
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