Oxidative stress mainly damages cartilage homeostasis through excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)
This review highlights hydroxytyrosol (HTY) as a multitarget pharmacological agent, detailing its mechanisms of action across multiple health domains, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic effects, while emphasizing the need for further research to validate its clinical efficacy and safety
Since all compounds present in food possess some functional attributes that may be beneficial for human health, foodome, a concept also known as food-intrinsic metabolome, has been proposed to be introduced as part of the food as medicine (FAM) approach for the treatment of CKD (Mafra et al., 2021)
Combining investigational agents with other unlicensed medicines outside of a formal trial protocol raises significant ethical and safety concerns and should not be undertaken without appropriate clinical governance