Several small studies involving people with digital eye strain suggest that 612mg daily for about a month may improve focusing ability and reduce eye fatigue compared to placebo, though results vary across trials and endpoints.2 12 In the brain, preclinical studies show that astaxanthin can reduce oxidative stress in neurons and may help preserve mitochondrial function.27 A few human studies suggest possible cognitive benefits such as improved reaction time and memory scores but the sample sizes remain small, so researchers emphasize the need for larger, long-term trials before firm conclusions can be drawn.6 9 26 Cardiovascular and metabolic health Because oxidative stress and inflammation are key contributors to heart and metabolic diseases, researchers have explored whether astaxanthin can make a measurable difference
AKI following coronary angiography remains a clinically significant concern, particularly in elderly patients
For example, for a variety of diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoarthritis, joint stiffness and diabetic nephropathy (Yagishita et al., 2019)
When treatment is discontinued, appetite returns, metabolic rate adjustments reverse, and weight regain begins
