The effect is measured indirectly via IGF-1 levels, which rise over weeks of consistent use
Clin Rheumatol 31(2):259269 Chopra A, Saluja M, Kianifard T, Chitre D, Venugopalan A (2018) Long term effectiveness of RA-1 as a monotherapy and in combination with disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
However, at Johns Hopkins University, researchers met these standards by evaluating members of the Boston Birth Cohort [3]
These include highly branched cyclic dextrin, maltodextrin, glucose, low temperature undenatured whey protein concentrate, low temperature undenatured whey protein isolate, hydrolysed whey protein, whey peptides, branched chain amino acids, glutamine, taurine, glutathione, vitamin C and vitamin E